The Department of Labor (DOL) administers the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSH Act) and the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (Mine Act), as amended by the Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response Act of 2006 (MINER Act). DOL’s effective enforcement of these laws is critical to protecting workers from death, injury, and illness. The two DOL agencies primarily responsible for enforcing these laws are the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). OSHA and its state partners are responsible for the safety and health of 130 million workers employed at more than 8 million establishments. MSHA is responsible for the safety and health of more than 350,000 miners who work at more than 13,000 mines.