As most process safety professionals know, pressure testing and leak testing piping systems is an absolutely critical function of process safety efforts. And I am happy to say, the number of facilities that have begun pressure testing and leak testing their piping has grown by leaps and bounds since the passage of OSHA’s PSM and EPA’s RMP standards. But as we progress in the number of facilities doing these tests, we also find many tests that are woefully deficient in how they were carried out and documented. For example, Refrigeration Systems (regardless of the refrigerant) has some specific requirements for the “pressure testing media” that can be used. For example, ASME B31.5 (2016) states: