Hazardous Atmosphere

Origin and Development of NFPA 660 – Standard for Combustible Dusts and Particulate Solids

This edition of NFPA 660 was approved as an American National Standard on December 6, 2024. NFPA 660 was written by consolidating the requirements of NFPA 652, Standard on the Fundamentals of Combustible Dust; NFPA 61, Standard for the Prevention of Fires and Dust Explosions in Agricultural and Food Processing Facilities; NFPA 484, Standard for…...

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Manure Pit kills a farm hand and family – Father entered and fell unconscious; four (4) others attempted rescue

On July 2, 2007, Employee #1, a farmer, was pumping liquid cow manure from a covered holding pit. The pump clogged, and he descended the ladder into the pit to free the pump. Employee #1 was asphyxiated due to a lack of oxygen and the presence of methane from the manure. Employee #2, a farm…...

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Removing the “potential” for a hazardous atmosphere in a space that normally has a haz atm

In 2021, I wrote an article regarding OSHA’s Permit-Required Confined Space standard and reclassifying PRCSs to a Non-PRCS status. This article centered on the keyword “potential” when discussing a hazardous atmosphere. The intent of that article (Defining and Quantifying “potential hazardous atmosphere”) was to clarify when/how a POTENTIAL was present to create a Hazardous Atmosphere…....

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Toulene vapors are HEAVIER than air

I normally do not share construction accidents, as I am not a construction safety professional. I would not even attempt to play one on TV! However, this case is an excellent example for the general industry and those who work with hazardous chemicals. One of the reasons why my HAZCOM training is 2+ hours is…...

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Two die of asphyxiation after rescuing unconscious worker from a lorry tank (Entrant Survives; Two Would-Be-Rescuers Die)

The owner (58) of an auto wash facility and a worker (54) died of suspected asphyxiation after the duo rescued another worker, who had fainted inside the empty chemical cargo tank of a lorry while cleaning it. According to the police, the tanker lorry driver (48) took the vehicle to the wash facility for cleaning…....

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Entry Supervisor dies in Oxygen-Deficient atmosphere

Sad state of affairs… At 2:15 p.m. on December 7, 2023, an employee working as a pipefitter for a shipyard was tasked to inspect JP5 tanks to ensure they were safe for a permit required confined space entry and then assist with troubleshooting a repair connection. The employee entered a tank and was overcome by…...

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PRCS Fatality, would-be rescuer, and H2S

On May 29, 2024, at 3:22 p.m., Employee #1, 26, was attempting to rescue a fellow employee who had been overcome by hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas in an underground pump house. Prior to this incident, multiple coworkers had been working in the pump house and were exposed to H2S gas emitted from a pipe containing…...

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