Lots of folks find it hard to believe when I discuss Minimum Ignition Energy for flammable vapors/gases and Combustible dust. When we get “shocked” by a door handle in the wintertime, and we can feel it, that is around 10-15 mJ. Most common flammable gases and vapors now have MIE’s less than 1.0 mJ. Watch…...
Visibly witnessing the MIE of LPG Read More »
I teach about a dozen flammable liquid courses annually, and it is one of my favorite courses to teach, as I love the technical side of hazardous materials. And my course always starts with a discussion around the 1st step in making a flammable liquid a hazardous material… FLASH POINT. And over the 30+ years,…...
What is a “flash point”? Read More »
The investigation found that they were processing hand sanitizer bottles by shredding them and separating the plastic from the hand sanitizer. During this process, a spark was created from the machine, which initiated a minor explosion and fire. The business has refuted the fire chief’s official account, saying, “There was no explosion at the site.“…...
This week, I shared some pictures of a setup I encountered last year in an audit I conducted at a manufacturing facility. This sole department was using metal trash cans as ” safety cans,” while the rest of the facility was using FM/UL “approved safety cans” for their “dirty rags” storage. The sight of this…...
Safety Cans vs Trash Cans Read More »
UPDATED 7/26/2024 with drone images, fatality count, and preliminary investigation findings Two (2) of the factory’s 219,000-liter (57,850-gallon) tequila vats ruptured, triggering a fire in three (3) other tanks. One 500,000 liters (132,086 gallons) suffered a HIT and traveled nearly 700′, landing in a residential area. The explosion within the plant killed seven (7) workers;…...
Flammable Liquid tank HIT @ tequila plant (Video) Read More »
Without question, the #1 question we receive regarding Hazardous Locations is… When do I need one? With flammable liquids (e.g., FP<100F) it is easy to perform the evaluation. But what if my flammable solution is a CAT 3 or 4 (i.e., Class IIIA or IIIB)? As the title says, not all flammable solutions require us…...
Not all flammable solutions require us to establish HAZLOCs Read More »
On September 13, 2007, a subcontractor was implementing a hot tap into a carbon steel pipe. The explosion was caused by the heat from the acetylene torch kindling the residual vapor inside, attaching to the polyvinylchloride (PVC) piping. Shrapnel pieces were blown up to 100 feet outwards due to the force of the explosion. The…...
Residual FLAMMABLE VAPORS in PVC pipe cause explosion Read More »
Much of my work involves helping clients achieve more than “compliance” with minimum government standards. I typically do this using RAGAGEPs; however, those may be too much to handle in some situations. So, I will propose another government standard that applies to the process/hazard. For example, unloading flammable liquid railcars. Canada has some of the…...
Railcar Loading and Unloading operations (Canada) Read More »
In the old days, the secondary containment around flammable liquid storage tanks could be a single system in which all the storage tanks sat. Today, that is NOT the case. Both NPFA 30 and IFC Chapter 57 require the secondary containment to be such that an LOPC from one tank can NOT impact the other…...
Old secondary containment design vs. New secondary containment design Read More »
In terms of Fire and Building Codes, we have five (5) recognized areas associated with handling hazardous materials. We refer to these high-hazard areas/occupancies as “Group H”. High-hazard Group H occupancy includes, among others, the use of a building or structure, or a portion thereof, that involves the manufacturing, processing, generation or storage of materials…...
Differences between a H-2 and H-3 occupancy Read More »
One mistake many businesses make is their assumptions about how their flammable liquids will behave once they are outside of their primary containment. I have seen companies spend millions of dollars to classify an area as a HAZLOC when it was not even close to being necessary, and I have seen some PSM businesses claim…...
When do I need to consider desinging and managing an area as a HAZLOC? Read More »
On January 13, 2022, workers inside the company’s fabrication shop performed a “wet test” on a newly built tank truck to check for leakage. This entailed running diesel test fuel through different tank compartments and other truck components. This was a routine operation at the workplace. Workers knew never to use gasoline, and the company…...
