The common term is “Near Miss ” but a more accurate term would be “near Hit ” in safety industry speak, a near miss is anaccident that almost happened.
Suppose you are late for an appointment. You are in your car. The car is in reverse and you are about to back out of the driveway. Suddenly in your rear view mirror you notice an unfamiliar child’s toy lying in the driveway. As a precaution you get out to check and find the neighbour’s toddler sitting in the driveway behind your car. What you have experienced is a “Near Miss “.