Bollards are those post we see protecting items such as natural gas meters, gasoline pumps, electrical boxes, etc. They are usually painted yellow, although that is NOT part of their requirements. We continue to see vehicles striking gas mains, hazardous materials containers and piping, leading to serious accidents and loss of lives. This posts is…...
Many facilities believe putting a flange together is far easier than paying for a “certified weld” joinment. They see this as a low-risk, cost-saving solution, believing any “maintenance mechanic” can put a flange together. Hence, most LOPC events I have had in my time were due to a flange that was NOT assembled per ASME…...
Verifying that grounding and bonding systems meet a specific resistance threshold—such as the common 10 ohms target for flammable liquid processes—requires a systematic approach to ensure both accuracy and technician safety. The following procedure outlines the steps for performing a static ground-resistance test using a dedicated ground-resistance tester (Ohmmeter). This procedure applies to the periodic…...
Based on eight (8) recent enforcement investigations, conducted by the U.S. Department of Transportation, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), Office of Hazardous Materials Enforcement (OHME), this letter is intended to notify the industry of serious safety problems and non-compliance issues regarding the maintenance, filling, transport and use of nurse tanks in anhydrous…...
While virtually any liquid trapped in a “blocked-in” section of pipe can cause a rupture due to thermal expansion, specific chemicals are strictly regulated by OSHA 1910.119 (PSM) and NFPA 30 because of their volatility or toxicity. The requirement for a hydrostatic relief valve (HRV) is generally triggered by the chemical’s physical state (liquefied under…...
Immediate Lethal Zone — Fireball Radius Typical range: 160–820 ft Hazards: Used for: absolute exclusion zone. Severe Burn Zone — High Thermal Radiation Typical range: 820–1,300 ft Thermal radiation: ~12.5–37.5 kW/m² Effects: Used for: firefighter withdrawal line unless cooling operations are effective. Moderate Burn Zone — Pain/Blistering Typical range: 1,300–2,600 ft Thermal radiation: ~5–12.5 kW/m²…...
To understand what certification is needed for the visual examination of welds under ASME B31.3, it is critical to distinguish between the two (2) distinct roles defined by the Code:1) the Examiner and2) the Inspector While in fact, B31.3 requires 100% visual examination of fabrication (341.4.1), the “certification” depends on which of these two roles…...
I am sure this article will ruffle a few feathers, but honestly, I am surprised and disappointed by that. But I do a lot of work in flammable liquid processing, and this topic always comes up during audits, PHAs, and accident investigations. Some folks will swear that only grounding is “required.” They get this from…...
Imagine taking a snowball and rolling it down the side of Mount Everest. As the ball rolls down the mountain, it gets bigger and faster. If we can stop it early in its travel down the mountain, BEFORE it gets to BIG and FAST, we can save the town at the base of the moutain…....
In the world of flammable liquids processing, we have two (2) types of flammable liquids: Members can read all my articles on how these flammable liquids get classified as “conductive” vs. “non-conductive. This post is to explain HOW and WHY the traditional “bonding and grounding” used in the transfer of flammable liquids may be inadequate…...
Before an employee enters the space, the internal atmosphere shall be tested, with a calibrated direct-reading instrument, for oxygen content, for flammable gases and vapors, and for potential toxic air contaminants, in that order. We test for oxygen before testing for flammability (LEL) for two (2) critical reasons: Here is the breakdown of why this…...
The rule—”Add Acid to Water” (AA)—is one of the most important safety practices in a chemistry lab. It all comes down to how much energy is released when they mix and how the liquid behaves as a result. Let’s explore the science behind this safety rule together. I’ll ask guiding questions along the way…. Membership...
